Authentic

fine bulgur (about 900 grams) • lean lamb, cut into pieces (about 1 kilogram) • warm water (about 1.5 liters) • onions, chopped • Spices: • Salt • Ground red pepper • Cumin • mixed spice • ground lamb (about 1.5 kilograms) • onions, finely chopped • mixed nuts (I use almonds) •

vermicelli noodles • Egyptian short-grain rice • spaghetti • brown or black lentils • small pasta (like ditalini or elbow macaroni) • cooked and rinsed chickpeas • onions, sliced (about 1 kg) • all-purpose flour (for coating onions) • garlic, minced (for tomato sauce) • tomatoes (about 1 kg) • ground cumin • Spices: •

beef or lamb from the leg (I used beef) • plain yogurt (about 240 ml) • Juice of 1 large lemon • small cup vinegar (about 1/4 cup or 60 ml) • pomegranate molasses (60 ml) • olive oil (120 ml) • shawarma spice mix • mixed spices • mustard sauce • black pepper • lamb fat (about the size of a tablespoon) • vegetable oil •

grape leaves, fresh or canned • Filling: • rice • tomatoes, diced • onion, diced • garlic, minced • parsley, chopped • cilantro, chopped • tomato paste • dried mint • salt • cumin •

all-purpose flour (about 375 grams) • milk (about 120 ml) • butter (about 55 grams) • egg • yeast • baking powder • salt • vinegar • Butter or ghee for brushing • Cheese or chocolate for filling

(10-inch) round baking pan • (about 450 grams) kunafa dough, thawed or fresh • clarified butter or ghee (about 225 grams) • For the syrup: • sugar (about 600 grams) with 1 1/2 cups water (about 360 ml) and a squeeze of lemon juice

Ingredients for Natural Yeast • boiled milk (about 250 grams, must be fresh) • raw sesame seeds (about 22 grams, do not use toasted) • flour (about 45 grams) • flour (about 160 grams) • Dough Ingredients • flour • ghee (about 115 grams) • sugar (about 125 grams) • milk, added gradually • turmeric (about 16 grams) • toasted sesame seeds (about 40 grams) •